malicki



.1. IVIALICKI.

JACK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. ISIS.

, Patented Dee. 23,1919.

Z SHEETS-SHEET l.

59 niilllillllllll lh gq I' AMALICKI.

JACK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3. 191s.

Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

rrnn STATES JOsEr MALIOKI, OF OIOERO, ILLINOIS, AssIeNOIaJ 'roTEMPLETON, KENLY a, COMPANY, LIMITED, OF cHIcAGo, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

JACK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

Application ld May 3, 1,918. Serial 110.282,198.

To all whom it may concern: l

B e it known that I, JOSEPH MALIOKI, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cicero, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and use ful Improvements in Jacks, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to the general art .of lifting appliances, and hasreference more particularly to that type of lifting appliances commonlyknown as double-actlon ratchet-jacks that are used for lifting and Thepresent inven lowered. More specifically, the present invention belongsto that type of acks wherein the two pawls are connected by a singleelastic extensible and contractible link which is provided with a manualcontrol through which the action of said link on the pawls is changed soas to cause them to engage the ratchet-bar or wheel in either a liftingor lowering manner, asdesired; and another object of the invention is toprovide a novel and improved pawl-controlling link of the' charactermentioned. Another object of the invention is to rovide an improvedauxiliary load-'engagmg appliance designed for removable attachment toand coperation with the head of the lifting-bar that shall enlarge theeld and range ofaction of the implement and enable it tobe readilyemployed in situations where otherwise its use might be dilicult orimpossible. With these and other objects in view which will be apparentfrom the following detailed description my invention consists in thenovel structural features, parts and combinations of a jacksubstantially as hereinafter described, shown as to a practical andpreferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings, and delined as tosubject-matter and scope in the appended claims.

'orably formed y Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation,in vertical section through the near side of the casing, of a gearedjack embodying my present improvements Fig.V 2 is a horizontal sectionon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation of the pawl-controlling link;

Fig. 3a is a detail cross-section on'the line -y of Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a detail elevation, broken vout between its ends, of thehandle lever;

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the head or cap of the lifting-bar.

Figs. 7 and '8 are detail views of the ratchet-wheel, pawls, andpawl-controlling and actuating devices, showing respectively therelative positions of the parts at the downward and upward limits of theswing of the 'handle lever when the pawl-control mechanism is set forthe lifting operation.

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views similar to Figs. 7 and 8, showingrespectively the relative positions of the parts at the upward anddownward limits of the swing of the handle lever when the pawl-controlmechanism is set for the lowering operation.

Fig.' 11 is a detail side elevation of the dogging pawl.

Referring to the drawings, 10 designates as an entirety the frame orhousing of the jack that is formed with a vertical slideway 11 in whichthe lifting-bar 12 is adapted to reciprocate, and, in its upper portion,with an approximately circular chamber 13 that contains certain of theoperating parts. A

y shaft 14 journaled in the opposite side walls of the chamber 13carries a pinion 15, prefintegral therewith, that meshes with the rackteeth 16 on the forward face of the lifting-bar 12, by means of whichthe latter is actuated, and said shaft also has rigidly keyed thereon aratchet wheel 17 this construction substantially following thatdisclosed in Letters Patent to Templeton, No. 1,143,558, dated June15th, 1.915.

Fitted in the opposed openings 18 in the side walls of chamber 13 arehardened steel 20, and in said bearings are journaled the ing 24, oneofsaid ends being open on top,

as indicated at 27, for the passage of the stem of thejpawl in applyingthe latterA to and removingitfrom its seat.

Pivoted on(a transverse stud 28 (Fig. 4)

' in the lower portion of the chamber 13 is an upstanding dogging pawl29 that is formed Y with an arm 30 on its lower end that eX- tendstoward .the ratchet wheel 17. This arm 30 is connected with the pawl 25adjacent/to the nose of the latter by an elasticextensible andcontracti-ble link designated as an entirety by 31, and best illustratedas to its detail structure in Fig. 3. As therein, shown, this linkcomprises three half-round members or sections 32, 33 and 34, themembers 33 and 34 being less than half as long as the member 32 anddisposed with their Hat sides engaging the upper and lower portionsrespectively of the flat side of the member 32. To preserve thealinement the engaging faces of the link numbers, which slide endwise oneach other, preferably have the tongue-and-groove construction shown inFig. 3a; and the members are held' in coperative relation by spiralsprings 35 and 36, .the former encircling the member 33 and theupperpart of member 32, and the latterencircling member 34 and the lower partof member 32. Shoulders 332 and 32 on the members 33 and 32 respectivelyform end abutments for the spring 35, and similar shoulders 34 and 32aon the members 34 and 32 form end abutments for the sprin 36. The member33 has at its upper eng an apertured extension 37 that engages a pivotstud 38 carried by the liting pawl 25, and the other short member 34 hasat itslower end a similar apertured eX- tension 39 that engages a pivotstud 40 carried by the arm 30 of the dogging pawl 29. The two pawls arethus fiexibly connected by the link sections 32, 33 and 34 and theirencirclin springs 35 and 36. ,l

Manna ly operable means are provided for placing both of the springs 35and 36 in compression during'the lifting operation so as to cause bothpawls to hug the ratchet wheel, these means comprising the followingparts. O n the lower end of the long link member 32vis an extension 41(Fig. 3) carrying a` lateral pivot stud 42. Pivoted on a stud 43 that istapped into the end of stud 28 is an elbow lever, one arm 44 of whichhas formed in its lower side, a notch or half-bearing 45 that engagesthe upper side of `the pivot stud 42. The other arm 46 of the elbowlever is slidingly engaged by a lateral pin or stud 48 carried by atrigger lever 49, said pin 48 in the raised position'of the triggerlever (Figs. 1, 7 and 8) engaging a notch 47 in the outer-side of leverarm 46 to lock the parts in set position. The trigger lever 49 isfulcrumed on a stud 50 that is*V tapped into the end of a stud or boss51 in the lower portion of the chamber 13 parallel to the stud 2,8 (Fig.4), and theouter arm of the trigger lever projects through a slot 52 inthe rear wall of the chamber. 13 of the casing in convenient reach ofthe operator.

When the jack is to be used for raising a load, the trigger lever 49 israised to the position shown in Figs# 1, 7 and 8. This, through theelbow lever, draws the long member 32 of the elastic link 31 downwardly,placing both of the springs 35 and 36in compression, and the latter,acting through the short link members 33 and 34, cause both pawls to hugthe ratchet wheel 17. The engagement of the pin 48 with the notch 47locks the members of the elastic link in their set position while thejack is being operated. Fig. .7 shows the positions of thevparts at thelimit of a lifting stroke of the handle lever, when the handlelever isin itslowest position and the pawl-controlling link is under its maximumtension. Here the upper spring 35 is compressed by the upward travel ofthe link member 33 as the pawl 25 travels upwardly, while the lowerspring 36 is compressed by the upward movement of the link member 34vcaused by the backward swing of the pawl 29 acting through its arm 30;both springs at their upper ends Vabutting against the shoulders 32 and32a of the link member 32 which is held stationary by the elbow lever44. Fig. 8 shows the relative positions of the parts when the handlelever' is at the extreme of its upward swing. Here the upper spring issubstantially neutral,'the lifting awl being held against the'ratchetwhee both by its own gravity and by engagement of the back wall of thepawl seat with the back of the pawl. spring is still under somecompression, urging the doggingV pawl 29 toward the ratchetJ wheel,although the load on the lifting bar holds the dogging pawl engaged withthe ratchet wheel during the return or upward swing of thehandle lever'.

When the load is to be lowered, the trigger lever 49 isswung downwardlyto the position shown in Figs. 9 and 10. This rees the elbovT lever44-rom the locking The lower a tooth of the ratchet wheel and at thesame time compressing the lower spr1ng36 (from yits lower end) therebythrough the` arm 3Q urging the (logging pawl away from the ratchetwheel. rlhe dogglng pawl 1s, however, maintained in engagement with theratchet wheel by the load until, during the inal part of the downward swing cf the handle' lever, there occurs a sllght lifting andload-assuming action by the pawl 25 sufficient to free the dogging pawlwhich then snaps back out ofv engagement with the ratchet wheel. Therelatlve posit1ons ofthe parts at this point are illustrated in Fig. l0.As now the handle lever is raised, with the pawl 25 sustaining the load,the link as a whole first contracts and then moves downward bodily,reversing the impulse on the dogging pawl and causing it to engage thenext tooth of the ratchet wheel in a position to take the load which itassumes slightly before the handle lever reaches the extreme of itsupward During the final part of this upward swing, which releases thepawl 25 from the load, the link is slightly compressed endwise andcontracted, as shown in Fig. 9, and the reaction forces the nose of thepawl outwardly clear of the tooth of the ratchet wheel with i' positionto engage with the nextl tooth onwhich it has just been engaged and in athe subsequent downward swing ofthe handle lever.

The foregoing describes the cycle of operations both in raising and inlowering a.Y

load. The trigger lever 49 may, of course, be manipulated by hand; butin connection with the handle lever 23 I have provided a simple andcovenient expedient whereby the trigger lever may be manipulated ineither direction through the agency of the handle lever. Referring toFig. 5, it will be noted that the outer end of the handle lever iswidened and flattened at 23', this widened and flattened portion havinga hole 53 formed therethrough that may be 'slipped over the free outerend of the trigger lever;

the handle lever thus serving as a detachable reach handle or likedevice for manipulating the trigger lever. This is especially convenientwhen the jack happens to occupy a low position or one otherwisediiiicnlt of' direct access,"as, for instance, beneath Van automobilerunning gear. By giving to the hole -53 the hexagonal form shown thehandle lever is also adapted to' the purposes of a wrench.

Swiveled on the upper end of the lifting ttlbar 12-by a pivot `stud 54is a head'or cap '55 preferably formed with a slightly concave upperface 56. The forward side of.

the head that overhangs the front side of 'the lifting-bar 12 is formedwith a Vertical side with a notch 64 that engages with the,y

rear side of the head 55 of the'lifting bar 1 n the n lanner clearlyshown in Fig. 1 to form, with vthe pintles 63, a firm support for thedetachable device under a load imposed-on its head 59, and also toanchor the device against tilting under a load imposed on the foot 61.This auxiliary detachable appliance not only' increases the verticalrange of actionV of the lifting bar in both directions, but, by reasonof 'the swiveled character of the lifting-bar head '55, it enables .thejack, through the foot 61 to obtam a -hold on objects located behind oron either side of the jack, as well as on objects located in front ofthe jack. i While I have shown my present improvements as embodied in ageared jack, 1t will be vevident that the same may be embodied to. equaladvantage in jacks of the well known type wherein the pawls coperatedirectly with teeth formedon the rear side of the lifting bar. lt willalso be manifest that the details ofconstruction herein shown and4described may be variouslyV modified without introducing any departurefrom the operative princlples involved or sacriicing any of the advantales of the invention. Hence, l reserve al such modilications and changesas fall within the Aspirit and purview of the appended claims.

l claim:

1. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting pawl, adogging pawl, an

endwise elastic link connecting said pawls,

-means for holding said intermediate section in a position to exertendwise spring pressure through said elastic connections on said endsections.

2. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a. lifting pawl, adogging pawl, an l en'dwise elastic link connecting Isaid pawls` saidllnkcomprising end sections articulated izo and abutting against saidend sections and the end portions of said intermediate sectionrespectively, and means for lioldingpsaid intermediate section in aposition to exert endwise pressure through said springs on said endsections.

3. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lever-actuatedlifting` pawl, a pivoted dogging pawl formed with an arm eX- tendingtoward said ratchet member, an endwise elastic link connecting saidpawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to said liftingpawland to said arm respectively, an intermediate section having slidingengagement with said end sections, and independent compression springsembracing and abutting against said end sections and the end portions ofsaid intermediate section respectively, and means for holding saidintermediate section in a position to exert endwise pressure throughsaid springs on said end sections.

4. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting andlowering pawl, a dogging pawl, an endwise elastic link connecting saidpawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to said lifting andlowering pawl and said dogging pawl respectively, an intermediatesection, and independent elastic connections between said end sectionsand said intermediate section, and manually operable means for movingsaid intermediate section endwise to a position wherein it exertsendwise spring pressure through said elastic connection on said endsections and for locking it in said position.

5. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting andlowering pawl, a dogging pawl, an endwise elastic link connecting saidpawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to said lifting andlowering pawl and said dogging pawl, respectively, an intermediatesectionv having sliding en gagement with said end sections, andindependent compression springs embracing and abutting against said endsections and the end portions ofv said intermediate sectionrespectively, and manually operable means for moving said intermediatesection endwise to a position wherein it exerts endwise pressure throughsaid springs on said end sections and'for locking it in said position.

6. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lever-actuatedlifting and lower* ingpawl, a pivoted dogging pawl formed with an armextending toward said ratchet member, an endwise elastic link connectingsaid pawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to saidlifting and lowering pawl.

and to said arm respectively, an intermediate section having slidingengagement with said end. sections, and independent compression springsembracing and abutting'against said end sections and the end portions ofsaid intermediate section respectively, andhmanually operable means formoving said intermediate section endwise to a position wherein it exertsendwise pressure through said springs on said end sections and forlocking it in said osition.

7. In a Jack, the combination of a ratchetl member, a lifting andlowering pawl, a dogging pawl, an endwise elastic link connecting saidawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to said lifting andlowering pawl and said dogging pawl respectively, an

intermediate section having sliding engage- `ment with said endsections, and independent compression springsl embracing and abuttingagainst said end`sections and the end portions of said 'intermediatesection respectively, a pivoted trigger lever, and connections betweensaid trigger lever and said intermediate link section for shifting thelatter endwise to a position wherein it exerts endwise pressure throughsaid springs on said end sections and for locking it in said position.

8. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member,alifting and loweringpawl,adog ging pawl, an endwise elastic link connecting said pawls, saidlink comprising end sections articulated to said lifting and loweringpawl and said dogging pawl respectively, an in-- termediate sectionhaving sliding engagement with said end sections, and indepeiidentcompression springs embracing and abutting againstsaid end sections andthe end portions of said intermediate section respectively, a pivotedtrigger lever, and a lever between said trigger lever and said link,said last named lever having one arm engaged with the intermediatesection of said link, and its other arm adapted to be engaged by saidtrigger lever to rock the same, whereby to shift said intermediate linksection endwise to a position wherein it exerts endwise pressure throughsaid springs on said end sections.`

9. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting andlowering pawl, a dogging pawl, an endwise elastic link connecting saidpawls, said link comprising end sections articulated to said lifting andlowering pawl and Said dogging pa-Wl'respectively, an intermediatesection having sliding engagement with said end sections, andindependent :soA

compression springs embracing and abutting to shift said intermediatelink section endwise to a position wherein it exerts endwise pressurethrough said springs on said sections, and said levers havingcooperating means for locking them in set position against the thrust ofsaid springs.

10. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting pawl, adoggino` pawl, link members, including extensile and3 contractileelastic elements, articulated to said lifting and dogging pawlsrespectively, a bodily shiftable coupling member for said link membersthrough which a thrust or pull on either may be transmitted to theother, and means for shifting said coupling member to, and holding itin, a position wherein it constitutes an abutment for the elasticelements of said link members.

11. In a jack, the combination of a ratchet member, a lifting pawl, adogging pawl, link members', including extensile and contractile elasticelements, articulated to said lifting and clogging pawls respectively,an endwisc shiftable intermediate member coupled to said link membersthrough the elastic elements of the `latter and operative to transmit athrust or ull on either to the other, and manually re easable means forshifting said intermediate member to, and holding it in, a positionwherein it constitutes an abutment for the elastic elements of said linkmembers.

l2. In a jack,the combination of a lifting bar, a head on the upper endof said lifting bar having front and rear portions overhanging thelatter, and a one-piece auxiliary` lifting appliance detachably mountedon said head and comprising a head, a down-A wardly and forwardlyinclined limb supported between its ends on the front portion of saidlifting-bar head and terminating at its lower end in Va forwardlyextending lifter-foot, and a downwardly and rearwardly inclined limbinterfittingly engaged Elith the rear yportion of said lifting-bar ead.

13. In a jack, the combination with a lifting-bar having a head formedwith a vertical notch in one side thereof and open bearings in the sidewalls of said notch, of an auxiliary detachable lifting appliancecomprising a head portion forming a vertical extenslon of said liftingbar, a depending limb lying in said notch and having lateral trunnionsengaging said open bearings and a lifter foot, and an opposltelydisposed depending limb notched to engage the sideof saild lifting-barhead oppositel said notched s1 e.

14. In ajack, the combination with a lifting bar having a swiveled headformed with a vertical notch in its front side and open bearings in theside walls of said notch, of an auxiliary detachable lifting appliancecomprising a head portion forming a vertlcal extension of saidA liftingbar, a depending .limb lying in said notch and having lateral trunnionsengaging said open bearings and a lifter foot, and an oppositelydisposed depending limb notched to engage the rear side of saidlifting-bar head.

JOSEPH MALICKI.

